The 'Urey-Miller experiment' simulated the conditions of early Earth to demonstrate the synthesis of: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
The 'Urey-Miller experiment' simulated the conditions of early Earth to demonstrate the synthesis of:
A. Proteins
B. Amino acids
C. Lipids
D. DNA
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Stanley Miller and Harold Urey (1953) simulated primitive Earth conditions by mixing methane, ammonia, hydrogen, and water vapor and providing electric discharge (simulating lightning). They obtained amino acids (glycine, alanine, etc.), supporting the chemical origin of life hypothesis. It didn't produce proteins, DNA, or lipids directly. This experiment was crucial for abiogenesis theories.
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Question #1
The disease caused by the deficiency of vitamin B₁ is:
A. Pellagra
B. Beriberi
C. Rickets
D. Scurvy
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Beriberi involves neurological and cardiovascular symptoms due to thiamine deficiency, common in polished rice diets. Scurvy is vitamin C, pellagra niacin, rickets D.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
Assertion (A): The menstrual cycle ceases during pregnancy.
Reason (R): High levels of progesterone and estrogen inhibit FSH and LH release.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation.
B. A false, R true.
C. A true, R false.
D. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
During pregnancy, high progesterone and estrogen from the corpus luteum and placenta suppress gonadotropin secretion, preventing follicular development and menstruation. R correctly explains A.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
In the Miller-Urey experiment, which of the following was synthesized?
A. Nucleic acids
B. Living cells
C. Amino acids
D. Complex proteins
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Miller-Urey experiment (1953) simulated the conditions of the primitive Earth's atmosphere (methane, ammonia, hydrogen, and water vapor) in a closed system and applied electrical sparks to simulate lightning. After a week, they found that several organic compounds, including amino acids (the building blocks of proteins), had been synthesized, supporting the theory of chemical evolution.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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