Which of the following diseases is vector-borne? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Melanin, produced by melanocytes, absorbs and dissipates UV radiation, protecting skin cells from DNA damage. Keratin is structural protein, collagen provides strength, elastin elasticity. Increased melanin production causes tanning.

Explanation:
Marshall and Warren discovered H. pylori in 1982 and proved it causes peptic ulcers, earning the 2005 Nobel Prize. Koch discovered TB, Pasteur vaccines, Fleming penicillin.

Explanation:
Meiosis involves two divisions reducing the chromosome number from diploid (2n) to haploid (n), producing gametes (sperm and egg). Mitosis maintains the chromosome number and produces identical somatic cells. Amitosis is direct nuclear division, budding is asexual reproduction. Meiosis ensures genetic diversity.