Which of the following microorganisms is used in the production of curd from milk? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Which of the following microorganisms is used in the production of curd from milk?
A. Clostridium botulinum
B. Lactobacillus
C. Salmonella typhi
D. Streptococcus pneumoniae
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Lactobacillus species convert lactose (milk sugar) into lactic acid, which lowers the pH and causes milk protein casein to coagulate, forming curd. This fermentation process also gives curd its characteristic sour taste. S. pneumoniae causes pneumonia, Salmonella typhi typhoid, Clostridium botulinum botulism. Lactobacillus is also a probiotic.

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A mutation that involves the change of a single nucleotide base in the DNA sequence is called a:
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Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
A point mutation is a genetic mutation where a single nucleotide base is changed, inserted, or deleted from a sequence of DNA or RNA. The classic example is sickle cell anemia, caused by a single point mutation in the beta-globin gene, where adenine is replaced by thymine, changing the amino acid from glutamic acid to valine.

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Assertion (A): The pancreas is a mixed gland.
Reason (R): It has exocrine acini secreting enzymes and endocrine islets secreting hormones.
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C. A true, R false.
D. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.

Correct Answer: Option A


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Correct Answer: Option B


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