Which of the following statements about the pituitary gland is correct?
A. It produces insulin.
B. It is located in the abdomen.
C. It is often called the master gland.
D. It is not connected to the hypothalamus.
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
The pituitary, located at the base of the brain, controls many endocrine glands via its hormones, earning the name 'master gland'. Insulin is from pancreas; it is connected to hypothalamus by infundibulum.
Explanation:
Growth hormone (somatotropin) is produced by the anterior pituitary. It promotes growth of bones, muscles, and other tissues. Deficiency causes dwarfism; excess causes gigantism or acromegaly.
Explanation:
The iris is the colored part of the eye containing smooth muscles (sphincter and dilator pupillae) that adjust the pupil diameter to control light entry. The cornea and lens focus, retina senses light.
Explanation:
Vitamin A (retinol) is converted to retinal, which combines with opsin to form rhodopsin, the light-sensitive pigment in rod cells of the retina. Deficiency leads to night blindness and xerophthalmia. Carrots and liver are rich sources. Vitamin C is ascorbic acid, D is calciferol, E is tocopherol.
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