Graham's law of diffusion relates rate of diffusion to:
A. Square root of molar mass
B. Pressure
C. Temperature
D. Density
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Graham's law: Rate of diffusion/effusion ∝ 1/√M, where M is molar mass. Lighter gases diffuse faster. At same T and P, rates of two gases r₁/r₂ = √(M₂/M₁). Example: NH₃ (17 g/mol) diffuses faster than HCl (36.5 g/mol). This law is used in isotope separation (e.g., ²³⁵UF₆ vs ²³⁸UF₆). The law assumes no intermolecular forces and identical conditions.
Explanation:
Diammonium phosphate (DAP), with the formula (NH4)2HPO4, is a widely used complex fertilizer. It provides two essential macronutrients: nitrogen (from the ammonium ion) and phosphorus (from the phosphate ion). Urea and ammonium sulfate provide only nitrogen, while muriate of potash provides potassium.
Explanation:
The ion-exchange process (using cation and anion exchange resins) removes all dissolved cations and anions from water, producing completely demineralized (deionized) water. Distillation removes most impurities but may still contain trace dissolved gases or volatile organics.
Explanation:
Eutrophication is the excessive richness of nutrients (mainly nitrates and phosphates from fertilizers and sewage) in a lake or other body of water. This causes a dense growth of plant life (algal blooms) and depletion of oxygen, killing aquatic animals and disrupting the ecosystem.
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