Modern History of India MCQs with Answers and Explanations

Question #1001

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The 'Surat Split' of 1907 in the Congress was mainly due to differences between?

A. Moderates and Extremists

B. Gandhi and Tilak

C. Hindu and Muslim members

D. Nehru and Bose

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Surat session of the INC in 1907 saw a major split between the Moderates (led by Gokhale, Pherozeshah Mehta) and the Extremists (led by Tilak, Lajpat Rai, Bipin Pal).

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Question #1002

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Who was the president of the Surat session of 1907 where the split occurred?

A. Madan Mohan Malaviya

B. Dadabhai Naoroji

C. Gopal Krishna Gokhale

D. Rash Behari Ghosh

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Rash Behari Ghosh was elected as the president of the Surat session in 1907 by the moderate faction, which led to the walkout by the extremists.

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Question #1003

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The 'Delhi Durbar' of 1877 was held to proclaim Queen Victoria as?

A. Queen of United Kingdom

B. Supreme Governor

C. Protector of India

D. Empress of India

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Delhi Durbar of 1 January 1877, organised by Lord Lytton, proclaimed Queen Victoria as the Empress of India (Kaiser-i-Hind).

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Question #1004

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Which Viceroy introduced the 'Census of India' in 1881?

A. Lord Dufferin

B. Lord Lytton

C. Lord Ripon

D. Lord Curzon

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Lord Ripon introduced the first synchronous census in India in 1881, which has since been conducted every ten years.

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Question #1005

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The 'Age of Consent Act, 1891' was passed during the viceroyalty of?

A. Lord Elgin II

B. Lord Curzon

C. Lord Lansdowne

D. Lord Dufferin

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Age of Consent Act was passed in 1891 during Lord Lansdowne's tenure, raising the age of consent for girls from 10 to 12 years.

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Question #1006

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The 'Indian Universities Act of 1904' was passed during the viceroyalty of?

A. Lord Minto

B. Lord Ripon

C. Lord Hardinge

D. Lord Curzon

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Lord Curzon passed the Indian Universities Act in 1904 to tighten government control over universities, which was widely opposed by Indian nationalists.

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Question #1007

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The 'Ancient Monuments Preservation Act of 1904' was passed by which Viceroy?

A. Lord Chelmsford

B. Lord Hardinge

C. Lord Minto

D. Lord Curzon

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Lord Curzon passed the Ancient Monuments Preservation Act in 1904 to protect and restore India's historic monuments, like the Taj Mahal.

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Question #1008

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Which revolutionary organization was founded by Pulin Behari Das in Dhaka?

A. Anushilan Samiti

B. Abhinav Bharat

C. Dhaka Anushilan Samiti

D. Jugantar

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Pulin Behari Das organized the Dhaka Anushilan Samiti as a branch of the larger revolutionary network, known for its secret activities.

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Question #1009

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The 'Jugantar' newspaper was associated with which revolutionary group in Bengal?

A. Ghadar Party

B. Jugantar Party

C. Anushilan Samiti

D. Abhinav Bharat

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Jugantar (Yugantar) group was a revolutionary secret society in Bengal, and its mouthpiece was the newspaper 'Jugantar', edited by Bhupendranath Datta.

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Question #1010

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Who was the editor of the 'Bande Mataram' newspaper in Paris?

A. Lala Har Dayal

B. M. N. Roy

C. Bhikaiji Cama

D. V. D. Savarkar

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Madame Bhikaiji Cama published the revolutionary paper 'Bande Mataram' from Paris, and also unfurled the Indian flag at the International Socialist Congress in Stuttgart in 1907.

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Question #1011

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Who was the chief organizer of the 'Ghadar Party' in North America?

A. Lala Har Dayal

B. Barkatullah

C. Sohan Singh Bhakna

D. Kartar Singh Sarabha

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Lala Har Dayal was the chief organizer and intellectual leader of the Ghadar Party, founded in San Francisco in 1913, though Sohan Singh Bhakna was the president.

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Question #1012

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The 'Komagata Maru' ship was carrying passengers mostly from which community?

A. Bengali Hindus

B. Sikhs

C. Gujarati Muslims

D. Malayali Christians

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Komagata Maru carried mostly Sikh passengers, along with some Hindus and Muslims, who were denied entry into Canada in 1914.

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Question #1013

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Who was the Viceroy of India when the Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred?

A. Lord Irwin

B. Lord Hardinge

C. Lord Reading

D. Lord Chelmsford

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Lord Chelmsford was the Viceroy of India (1916-1921) when the Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place on 13 April 1919.

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Question #1014

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The 'Rowlatt Committee' was formed in 1917 under the chairmanship of whom?

A. Lord Chelmsford

B. Sir Sydney Rowlatt

C. Sir Michael O'Dwyer

D. Sir John Simon

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Rowlatt Committee, headed by Justice Sidney Rowlatt, was appointed to investigate 'revolutionary crime' and recommended the extension of wartime repressive measures, leading to the Rowlatt Act.

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Question #1015

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The 'Khilafat Committee' was formed in which year?

A. 1920

B. 1922

C. 1919

D. 1917

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Khilafat Committee was formed in 1919 by the Ali brothers (Shaukat and Mohammad Ali) and Maulana Abul Kalam Azad to lead the Khilafat Movement.

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Question #1016

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Which session of the INC adopted the 'Non-Cooperation Movement' plan?

A. Nagpur Session, 1920

B. Amritsar Session, 1919

C. Calcutta Special Session, 1920

D. Ahmedabad Session, 1921

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Non-Cooperation Movement was approved at the Calcutta Special Session of the INC in September 1920 and ratified at the Nagpur session in December 1920.

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Question #1017

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Who moved the Non-Cooperation resolution at the Congress session?

A. Motilal Nehru

B. Lala Lajpat Rai

C. C. R. Das

D. Mahatma Gandhi

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Mahatma Gandhi moved the resolution for the Non-Cooperation Movement, which was seconded by leaders like Motilal Nehru and others.

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Question #1018

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The 'Prince of Wales' visit to India in 1921 was met with which response by nationalists?

A. Welcomed by Congress

B. Boycott and protests

C. Indifference

D. Collaboration

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The visit of Prince of Wales in November 1921 was boycotted by the Indian National Congress, and the day was observed as a day of hartal, leading to clashes.

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Question #1019

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Which leader founded the 'All India Trade Union Congress' (AITUC) in 1920?

A. Lala Lajpat Rai

B. N. M. Joshi

C. B. P. Wadia

D. V. V. Giri

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Lala Lajpat Rai was the first president of the AITUC, which was founded in 1920, and N. M. Joshi was the general secretary.

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Question #1020

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The 'Swaraj Party' contested the legislative council elections in which year?

A. 1920

B. 1926

C. 1923

D. 1930

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Swaraj Party, founded by C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru, contested the Central Legislative Assembly and provincial council elections in November 1923.

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