Modern History of India MCQs with Answers and Explanations

Question #1321

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The 'National Flag of India' was designed by Pingali Venkayya. The Ashoka Chakra in the centre has how many spokes?

A. 12

B. 32

C. 16

D. 24

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Ashoka Chakra has 24 spokes, representing the dharma chakra.

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Question #1322

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The 'Indian National Congress' session of 1907 split into Moderates and Extremists. Which Extremist leader was not present at Surat?

A. Lala Lajpat Rai

B. Aurobindo Ghosh

C. Bipin Chandra Pal

D. Bal Gangadhar Tilak

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Lala Lajpat Rai was abroad during the Surat session; Tilak, Pal, and Aurobindo were the prominent extremists there.

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Question #1323

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The 'Bardoli Satyagraha' (1928) was against the enhancement of land revenue by what percent?

A. 50%

B. 22%

C. 10%

D. 30%

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The government increased the land revenue by 22% in Bardoli, leading to the satyagraha led by Sardar Patel.

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Question #1324

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The 'C. R. Formula' (1944) was proposed to resolve the political deadlock. It involved the Congress accepting which demand?

A. Partition of India

B. Dominion status

C. Separate electorates

D. The principle of Pakistan

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
C. Rajagopalachari proposed that the Congress accept the Muslim League's demand for Pakistan in principle, subject to a plebiscite in Muslim-majority areas.

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Question #1325

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The 'Wavell Plan' (1945) proposed the formation of an Executive Council with all Indian members except?

A. The Commander-in-Chief only

B. The Secretary of State

C. The Viceroy only

D. The Viceroy and the Commander-in-Chief

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Wavell Plan proposed a new Executive Council with all Indian members except the Viceroy and the Commander-in-Chief.

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Question #1326

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The 'Simla Conference' (1945) failed because of disagreement between Congress and the Muslim League over?

A. Number of seats

B. The date of independence

C. The portfolio of defence

D. Jinnah's insistence on the League's exclusive right to nominate Muslims

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Jinnah demanded that the Muslim League alone should nominate Muslim members to the Executive Council, which the Congress refused.

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Question #1327

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The 'August Kranti Maidan' in Bombay is associated with which event?

A. Dandi March

B. First session of Congress

C. INA trials

D. Quit India Resolution

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Quit India resolution was passed at the Gowalia Tank Maidan, now called August Kranti Maidan, on 8 August 1942.

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Question #1328

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The 'Azad Hind Government' was established by Subhas Chandra Bose in which year?

A. 1943

B. 1944

C. 1941

D. 1942

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Provisional Government of Azad Hind was formed in Singapore on 21 October 1943.

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Question #1329

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The 'Rani of Jhansi Regiment' was a women's unit of the INA. Who was its commander?

A. Sarojini Naidu

B. Lakshmi Sahgal

C. Bhikaiji Cama

D. Aruna Asaf Ali

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Captain Lakshmi Sahgal commanded the Rani of Jhansi Regiment.

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Question #1330

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The 'International Labour Organization' (ILO) was established in 1919. India became a founding member in which capacity?

A. Not a member

B. Independent member

C. As a British colony (under British representation)

D. Observer

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
India was represented through the British government as part of the Empire delegation when the ILO was founded in 1919.

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Question #1331

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The 'Indian National Congress' adopted the 'Fundamental Rights Resolution' at which session?

A. Lahore, 1929

B. Karachi, 1931

C. Haripura, 1938

D. Faizpur, 1936

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Karachi session of 1931 adopted the Resolution on Fundamental Rights and Economic Programme.

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Question #1332

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Who among the following was not a member of the 'Cabinet Mission'?

A. Lord Mountbatten

B. Lord Pethick-Lawrence

C. A. V. Alexander

D. Sir Stafford Cripps

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Cabinet Mission comprised Pethick-Lawrence, Cripps, and Alexander. Mountbatten was the Viceroy later.

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Question #1333

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The 'Fort William' in Calcutta was built by the British in which year?

A. 1696

B. 1717

C. 1690

D. 1700

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The original Fort William was constructed in 1696 after the British obtained permission from the Nawab of Bengal.

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Question #1334

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The 'Treaty of Bassein' (1802) was signed between the British and which Maratha Peshwa?

A. Madhav Rao II

B. Baji Rao I

C. Baji Rao II

D. Balaji Baji Rao

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Baji Rao II signed the Treaty of Bassein on 31 December 1802, accepting the Subsidiary Alliance, which led to the Second Anglo-Maratha War.

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Question #1335

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The 'Anglo-Mysore Wars' were fought between the British and the rulers of Mysore. Who was the ruler during the Third Anglo-Mysore War?

A. Chamaraja Wadiyar

B. Hyder Ali

C. Tipu Sultan

D. Krishnaraja Wadiyar II

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Third Anglo-Mysore War (1790-1792) was fought during Tipu Sultan's reign.

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Question #1336

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The 'Zamindari System' (Permanent Settlement) was introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793. In which province was it not implemented?

A. Bihar

B. Bengal

C. Orissa

D. Madras

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Permanent Settlement covered Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa. Madras had the Ryotwari system.

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Question #1337

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The 'Ryotwari System' was introduced in parts of Madras and Bombay Presidencies. Who was responsible for it in Madras?

A. Thomas Munro

B. Holt Mackenzie

C. Lord Cornwallis

D. Charles Metcalfe

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Sir Thomas Munro was the Governor of Madras who implemented the Ryotwari system.

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Question #1338

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The 'Mahalwari System' was introduced in the Gangetic valley. Who formulated it?

A. All of the above

B. R. M. Bird

C. Holt Mackenzie

D. James Thomson

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Holt Mackenzie formulated the system, R. M. Bird implemented it, and James Thomson further modified it in the North-Western Provinces.

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Question #1339

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The 'Indian Civil Service' was formally named so under which act?

A. Government of India Act, 1858

B. Charter Act, 1833

C. Indian Councils Act, 1861

D. Regulating Act, 1773

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Government of India Act 1858 formally used the term 'Indian Civil Service' for the covenanted service.

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Question #1340

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The 'Indian Police Service' was formed in which year?

A. 1861

B. 1947

C. 1905

D. 1920

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Indian Police Service was constituted in 1905 under the Police Act of 1861 reforms. But modern IPS was created later. Actually, the Imperial Police was formed in 1905. I'll check: The Indian (Imperial) Police was created in 1905. So answer B.

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