The disease caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica is:
A. Amoebic dysentery
B. Malaria
C. Sleeping sickness
D. Leishmaniasis
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Amoebic dysentery (amoebiasis) is characterized by bloody, mucus-containing stools, caused by Entamoeba histolytica, transmitted through contaminated food/water. Malaria is Plasmodium, sleeping sickness Trypanosoma, leishmaniasis Leishmania.
Explanation:
Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes where the cell divides into two identical daughter cells after DNA replication. Mitosis and meiosis are eukaryotic. Budding occurs in yeast and some bacteria.
Explanation:
Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis, not in mitosis. Mitosis produces identical diploid cells, meiosis reduces chromosome number by half, and cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm.
Explanation:
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid and steroid hormone synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and detoxification of drugs and poisons (via cytochrome P450 enzymes). Rough ER synthesizes proteins. Golgi modifies/packages. Lysosomes digest. Liver cells have abundant SER. SER also sequesters Ca²⁺ ions in muscle cells (sarcoplasmic reticulum).
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