The enzyme that converts sucrose into glucose and fructose is:
A. Maltase
B. Invertase
C. Lactase
D. Amylase
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Invertase (sucrase) hydrolyzes sucrose into its constituent monosaccharides, glucose and fructose. Maltase acts on maltose, lactase on lactose, amylase on starch. Invertase is found in the intestinal brush border and is also produced by yeast. The resulting mixture is called invert sugar, sweeter than sucrose.
Explanation:
Theophrastus (c. 371–287 BCE), a student of Aristotle, is called the Father of Botany for his works 'Historia Plantarum' and 'De Causis Plantarum', in which he classified and described hundreds of plants. Aristotle is the Father of Zoology. Linnaeus developed binomial nomenclature. Darwin proposed natural selection. Theophrastus laid the early foundations of plant science.
In plant physiology, the 'Root pressure' is a positive pressure that develops in the roots due to the active absorption of minerals and the subsequent osmotic entry of water. It is most evident during:
A.Early morning or night when transpiration is low and soil moisture is high
Explanation:
Root pressure is a positive hydrostatic pressure generated in the xylem of roots due to the active secretion of ions into the xylem, which lowers the water potential and causes water to enter osmotically from the soil. This pressure can push water up the stem. Root pressure is most evident and measurable during the early morning or at night, when the rate of transpiration from the leaves is very low (or zero) and the soil moisture is high, allowing for maximum water absorption. It is responsible for phenomena like guttation and the exudation of sap from cut stems.
Consider statements about microorganisms: 1. Bacteria reproduce by binary fission. 2. Viruses have their own metabolic machinery. 3. Fungi have a cell wall made of chitin. Which are correct?
Explanation:
Bacteria are prokaryotes that primarily reproduce asexually through binary fission, where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. Fungi are eukaryotes characterized by having cell walls primarily composed of chitin, a tough polysaccharide. Viruses lack cellular structure and metabolic machinery; they are obligate parasites that rely entirely on the host cell's machinery for replication. Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct.
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