The hormone that opposes the action of insulin and increases blood glucose levels is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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The hormone that opposes the action of insulin and increases blood glucose levels is:

A. Glucagon

B. Growth hormone

C. Cortisol

D. Thyroxine

Answer: Option A

Solution (By JKExamLibrary)

Glucagon, from the pancreatic alpha cells, raises blood glucose by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. Cortisol and growth hormone also raise blood glucose but glucagon is the primary direct antagonist of insulin. Thyroxine increases metabolic rate. The balance between insulin (hypoglycemic) and glucagon (hyperglycemic) maintains glucose homeostasis.

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Question #1

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The phenomenon of bending of plant shoot towards a unilateral light source is due to:

A. Differential distribution of auxin, with higher concentration on shaded side

B. Inhibition of growth by light

C. Uniform distribution of auxin

D. Photolysis of chlorophyll

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Phototropism (positive in shoots) is caused by the migration of auxin to the shaded side of the shoot, promoting cell elongation more on that side, causing the shoot to bend towards light. This asymmetric auxin distribution was demonstrated by Went's experiments. Auxin is sensitive to light and moves laterally. This is a growth response to directional light.

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Question #2

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In a dihybrid cross, the F₂ phenotypic ratio is:

A. 1:2:1

B. 1:1

C. 9:3:3:1

D. 3:1

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Mendel's dihybrid cross (e.g., yellow round × green wrinkled) gave a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio in the F₂ generation, illustrating independent assortment.

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Question #3

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The type of muscle tissue that is voluntary and striated is:

A. Visceral muscle

B. Cardiac muscle

C. Skeletal muscle

D. Smooth muscle

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Skeletal muscle is attached to bones, is under voluntary control, and has a striated appearance due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments. Smooth muscle (visceral) is non-striated and involuntary, found in internal organs. Cardiac muscle is striated but involuntary, found only in the heart. Skeletal muscles are multinucleated.

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