The organ that is responsible for the detoxification of ammonia to urea in humans is the:
A. Spleen
B. Liver
C. Kidney
D. Pancreas
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
The liver converts toxic ammonia (from amino acid deamination) into less toxic urea via the urea cycle (ornithine cycle) in hepatocytes. Urea is then excreted by the kidneys. The kidneys filter urea but do not produce it. Pancreas produces enzymes/hormones, spleen filters blood.
Explanation:
A sphygmomanometer, often used with a stethoscope, measures arterial blood pressure (systolic/diastolic) in mmHg. A stethoscope listens to heart/lung sounds, thermometer measures temperature, ECG records heart electrical activity. Normal blood pressure is about 120/80 mmHg.
Explanation:
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measure of the amount of dissolved oxygen required by aerobic microorganisms (mainly bacteria) to decompose the organic matter present in a given volume of water sample at a specific temperature over a specific time (usually 5 days at 20°C). High BOD indicates high levels of organic pollution, which depletes oxygen for aquatic life.
Explanation:
Glucagon, from the pancreatic alpha cells, raises blood glucose by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. Cortisol and growth hormone also raise blood glucose but glucagon is the primary direct antagonist of insulin. Thyroxine increases metabolic rate. The balance between insulin (hypoglycemic) and glucagon (hyperglycemic) maintains glucose homeostasis.
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