The pigment that gives red and purple color to some fruits like grapes and berries is:
A. Carotenoid
B. Lycopene
C. Anthocyanin
D. Chlorophyll
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Anthocyanins are water-soluble vacuolar pigments that appear red, purple, or blue depending on pH. They are flavonoids. Chlorophyll is green, carotenoids yellow/orange, lycopene red.
Explanation:
HIV is a retrovirus with two copies of single-stranded RNA as its genome. It uses reverse transcriptase to convert RNA into DNA upon infection. Double-stranded DNA is typical of many organisms. Single-stranded DNA viruses exist (e.g., parvovirus). Double-stranded RNA viruses include rotavirus. The viral RNA genome enables integration into host DNA via a DNA intermediate.
Explanation:
Cardiac muscle is striated, branched, and involuntary, with intercalated discs containing gap junctions for synchronized contraction. It is unique to the heart wall. Smooth muscle is non-striated and involuntary in visceral organs, skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary. Cardiac muscle exhibits autorhythmicity.
Explanation:
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. This leads to genetic recombination. Sister chromatid exchange does occur but crossing over specifically refers to the exchange between homologues.
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