Which hormone is commonly known as the 'fruit ripening hormone'? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Pantothenic acid (vitamin B₅) is a component of coenzyme A (CoA), essential for the Krebs cycle and fatty acid metabolism. Thiamine is TPP, riboflavin FAD, biotin for carboxylation.

Explanation:
PCR, invented by Kary Mullis, allows exponential amplification of a specific DNA segment using a thermostable DNA polymerase (Taq polymerase), primers, and thermal cycling. Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments, Southern blotting detects specific sequences, DNA sequencing determines the order of bases. PCR is widely used in diagnostics, forensics, and research.

Explanation:
Light reactions occur in thylakoid membranes, producing ATP, NADPH, and oxygen. Oxygen comes from water (photolysis), not CO₂. So statement 2 is incorrect. 1 and 3 are correct.