Which of the following molecules has a double covalent bond?
A. H₂
B. N₂
C. O₂
D. Cl₂
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
In an oxygen molecule (O₂), each oxygen atom has 6 valence electrons and needs 2 more to complete its octet. They share two pairs of electrons, forming a double covalent bond (O=O). H₂ and Cl₂ have single bonds, while N₂ has a triple covalent bond (N≡N).
Explanation:
Oxygen (O₂) is an element, a pure substance. Milk is a colloid; brass is an alloy (mixture); sea water is a solution (mixture). Pure substances have fixed composition.
Explanation:
Chlor-alkali process: electrolysis of concentrated NaCl solution (brine) yields NaOH, Cl₂, and H₂. Solvay process makes Na₂CO₃; Haber for NH₃; Contact for H₂SO₄.
Explanation:
Methanol is metabolized in the body to formaldehyde and formic acid, which are highly toxic and can damage the optic nerve, causing permanent blindness or even death if ingested in significant amounts. Ethanol is used as an antidote because it competitively inhibits methanol metabolism by alcohol dehydrogenase. Methanol is used as industrial solvent and in illegal liquor (hooch) sometimes resulting in mass poisoning.
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