A solution with pH = 3 is how many times more acidic than a solution with pH = 5?
A. 10 times
B. 1000 times
C. 100 times
D. 2 times
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
pH is a logarithmic scale: pH = -log[H⁺]. A difference of 1 pH unit corresponds to a tenfold change in [H⁺]. pH 3 vs pH 5 → difference = 2, so [H⁺] at pH 3 is 10² = 100 times greater than at pH 5. Thus, the solution is 100 times more acidic. Similarly, pH 10 is 100 times more basic than pH 8. Always remember: ΔpH = n, ratio = 10ⁿ.
Explanation:
Bauxite contains SiO₂ (silica) as impurity. In the Bayer's process, powdered bauxite is treated with hot concentrated NaOH solution. Alumina dissolves forming sodium aluminate (NaAlO₂), while silica does not dissolve and is filtered off. Alternatively, silica can be removed by adding lime during refining. The purified alumina is then electrolyzed in cryolite. NaOH selectively dissolves Al₂O₃ due to its amphoteric nature.
Explanation:
An ideal gas is a theoretical gas that perfectly obeys the ideal gas equation (PV=nRT) and all gas laws under all conditions. It assumes no intermolecular forces and zero molecular volume. Because of these assumptions, an ideal gas cannot be liquefied, unlike real gases which deviate at high pressures.
Explanation:
James Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932. He bombarded beryllium with alpha particles and observed a highly penetrating, neutral radiation, which he identified as neutrons. This discovery explained isotopes and completed the basic picture of the atom's subatomic particles.
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