Alloying iron with chromium and nickel produces stainless steel which is resistant to corrosion because: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Alloying iron with chromium and nickel produces stainless steel which is resistant to corrosion because:

A. Nickel dissolves in iron and prevents reaction

B. Iron becomes non-metal

C. Chromium makes iron more reactive

D. Chromium forms a protective oxide layer

Answer: Option D

Solution (By JKExamLibrary)

Stainless steel contains at least 10.5% chromium, which reacts with oxygen to form a thin, adherent, transparent Cr₂O₃ layer (passive film) that prevents further oxidation of the underlying metal. Nickel enhances corrosion resistance and ductility. This self-healing oxide layer makes it 'stainless'. Unlike galvanization, the protection is not sacrificial but barrier-type from the inherent alloy composition.

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Question #1

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Balance the chemical equation: a Fe + b H₂O → c Fe₃O₄ + d H₂. The values of a, b, c, and d are:

A. 3, 1, 4, 4

B. 4, 3, 1, 4

C. 3, 4, 1, 4

D. 1, 3, 4, 3

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
To balance the equation: Fe atoms: 3 on right, so a=3. O atoms: 4 on right, so b=4. H atoms: 4*2=8 on left, so d=4. The balanced equation is 3Fe + 4H₂O → Fe₃O₄ + 4H₂. Thus, a=3, b=4, c=1, d=4. This ensures the law of conservation of mass is obeyed.

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Question #2

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Assertion (A): HF has an unusually high boiling point. Reason (R): Fluorine is the most electronegative element, leading to strong hydrogen bonding in HF.

A. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

B. A is false but R is true.

C. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

D. A is true but R is false.

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
HF exhibits strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding because fluorine is highly electronegative and small in size. This strong hydrogen bonding requires significantly more thermal energy to break compared to other hydrogen halides, giving HF an unusually high boiling point. Both statements are true and R correctly explains A.

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Question #3

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Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?

A. Sand in water

B. Iron filings and sulfur

C. Salt in water

D. Oil and water

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
A homogeneous mixture has uniform composition throughout. Salt completely dissolves in water, forming a single phase (solution). Oil and water are immiscible (heterogeneous). Sand in water is suspension (heterogeneous). Iron filings and sulfur can be heterogeneous unless alloyed.

This question belongs to: Science chemistry

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