Modern History of India MCQs with Answers and Explanations

Question #1061

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The 'Poona Pact' was signed between which two leaders?

A. Patel and Ambedkar

B. Gandhi and Jinnah

C. Nehru and Ambedkar

D. Gandhi and Ambedkar

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Poona Pact was signed on 24 September 1932 between Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, providing reserved seats for Depressed Classes in joint electorates.

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Question #1062

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Which famous scientist was the first to hold the post of 'Scientific Adviser to the Government of India' (1948)?

A. C. V. Raman

B. Meghnad Saha

C. Homi Bhabha

D. Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Dr. Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar was appointed the first Scientific Adviser to the Government of India in 1948, and the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) flourished under him.

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Question #1063

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The 'Atomic Energy Commission' of India was set up in which year?

A. 1950

B. 1948

C. 1954

D. 1947

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Indian Atomic Energy Commission was established on 10 August 1948 under the leadership of Dr. Homi J. Bhabha.

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Question #1064

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Who was the first Indian to be appointed as the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India?

A. James Taylor

B. C. D. Deshmukh

C. Osborne Smith

D. B. Rama Rau

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Sir C. D. Deshmukh was the first Indian to become the Governor of RBI, serving from 1943 to 1949, though the RBI was established in 1935.

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Question #1065

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The 'Imperial Bank of India' was created in 1921 by merging which three banks?

A. Central Bank, Bank of India, Union Bank

B. Bank of Calcutta, Bank of Madras, Bank of Punjab

C. Allahabad Bank, Bank of Bombay, Bank of Bengal

D. Bank of Bengal, Bank of Bombay, Bank of Madras

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The three presidency banks – Bank of Bengal (1806), Bank of Bombay (1840), and Bank of Madras (1843) – were merged to form the Imperial Bank of India in 1921.

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Question #1066

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The 'Swadeshi Movement' was launched in reaction to which decision?

A. Bengal Partition

B. Rowlatt Act

C. Simon Commission

D. Jallianwala Bagh

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Swadeshi Movement was officially launched in 1905 to oppose the partition of Bengal, and it promoted the use of indigenous goods.

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Question #1067

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The 'National Council of Education' was set up in 1906 as part of which movement?

A. Swadeshi Movement

B. Quit India Movement

C. Civil Disobedience Movement

D. Non-Cooperation Movement

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
As part of the Swadeshi Movement, the National Council of Education was established in Bengal in 1906 to promote indigenous education and the Bengal Technical Institute.

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Question #1068

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Who composed the famous song 'Amar Sonar Bangla', later the national anthem of Bangladesh?

A. Kazi Nazrul Islam

B. Bankim Chandra

C. Dwijendralal Ray

D. Rabindranath Tagore

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Rabindranath Tagore wrote 'Amar Sonar Bangla' in 1905 during the protests against the Partition of Bengal.

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Question #1069

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The 'Arya Samaj' was founded in which city?

A. Madras

B. Calcutta

C. Bombay

D. Lahore

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Swami Dayanand Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj in Bombay in 1875, though its headquarters was later established in Lahore.

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Question #1070

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The 'Theosophical Society' was initially founded in?

A. New York

B. London

C. Madras

D. Calcutta

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Theosophical Society was founded by Madame Blavatsky and Colonel Olcott in New York in 1875. Its headquarters moved to Adyar, Madras, in 1882.

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Question #1071

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The 'Guruvayur Satyagraha' (1931-32) was a temple entry movement in which state?

A. Kerala

B. Tamil Nadu

C. Karnataka

D. Andhra Pradesh

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Guruvayur Satyagraha was led by K. Kelappan and others for temple entry rights for lower castes to the Guruvayur Temple in Kerala.

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Question #1072

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Who among the following is known as the 'Grandfather of Indian Social Reforms'?

A. Dayanand Saraswati

B. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

C. Raja Ram Mohan Roy

D. Mahadev Govind Ranade

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Mahadev Govind Ranade is sometimes called the 'Father of Indian Social Reform' or the 'Grandfather of Indian Social Reforms' for his pioneering work in various social spheres.

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Question #1073

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The 'Indian People's Theatre Association' (IPTA) was founded in which year?

A. 1942

B. 1943

C. 1945

D. 1939

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
IPTA was founded in 1943 to use cultural expression for raising awareness about the freedom struggle and social issues, associated with the Communist Party.

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Question #1074

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Which newspaper was started by Mahatma Gandhi in South Africa in 1903?

A. Indian Opinion

B. Harijan

C. Young India

D. Navjivan

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Gandhi started the 'Indian Opinion' newspaper in 1903 in Durban, South Africa, to voice the grievances of Indian immigrants.

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Question #1075

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The 'All India Harijan Sangh' was founded by Mahatma Gandhi in which year?

A. 1940

B. 1930

C. 1934

D. 1932

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
After the Poona Pact in 1932, Gandhi founded the All India Anti-Untouchability League, which later became the All India Harijan Sangh.

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Question #1076

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Who was the political guru of Gopal Krishna Gokhale?

A. Surendranath Banerjee

B. Dadabhai Naoroji

C. Pherozeshah Mehta

D. Mahadev Govind Ranade

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Gopal Krishna Gokhale considered Mahadev Govind Ranade as his political and intellectual mentor.

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Question #1077

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The 'Servants of India Society' was founded by Gokhale in 1905 in?

A. Pune

B. Bombay

C. Calcutta

D. Madras

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Gopal Krishna Gokhale established the Servants of India Society on 12 June 1905 in Pune to train national leaders for public service.

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Question #1078

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Which book did Jawaharlal Nehru write while in prison during 1934-35?

A. An Autobiography

B. Glimpses of World History

C. Discovery of India

D. India Today

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Jawaharlal Nehru wrote his 'An Autobiography' (also known as 'Toward Freedom') in Dehradun jail between 1934 and 1935.

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Question #1079

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The 'Statesman' newspaper was originally founded as 'The Friend of India' in which year?

A. 1905

B. 1911

C. 1875

D. 1818

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
'The Friend of India' was established in 1818 in Serampore. It later merged with 'The Englishman' and eventually became 'The Statesman'.

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Question #1080

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The 'Revolt of 1857' was started on 10 May 1857 at?

A. Barrackpore

B. Delhi

C. Kanpur

D. Meerut

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The revolt began on 10 May 1857 in Meerut, where sepoys refused to use the greased cartridges, killed officers, and marched to Delhi.

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