Modern History of India MCQs with Answers and Explanations

Question #1081

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Who was the leader of the revolt at Kanpur in 1857?

A. Kunwar Singh

B. Nana Sahib

C. Begum Hazrat Mahal

D. Rani Lakshmibai

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Nana Sahib (Dhondu Pant), the adopted son of Peshwa Baji Rao II, led the revolt at Kanpur.

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Question #1082

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Which British officer recaptured Delhi from the rebels in September 1857?

A. Sir Hugh Rose

B. Henry Havelock

C. Colin Campbell

D. General John Nicholson

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
John Nicholson led the British forces that stormed Delhi, which was recaptured on 20 September 1857. Nicholson died of wounds during the assault.

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Question #1083

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The 'Queen's Proclamation' of 1858 was read by which Viceroy?

A. Lord Mayo

B. Lord Canning

C. Lord Elgin

D. Lord Dalhousie

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Lord Canning read Queen Victoria's Proclamation at the Allahabad Durbar on 1 November 1858, transferring the governance to the Crown and promising non-interference in religious matters.

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Question #1084

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The 'Indian Councils Act of 1861' introduced which important feature?

A. Portfolio System

B. Provincial Autonomy

C. Separate Electorate

D. Dyarchy

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Act of 1861 introduced the Portfolio System, allowing each member of the Governor-General's Council to hold a specific department.

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Question #1085

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Who was the first British Viceroy to be assassinated in office?

A. Lord Dufferin

B. Lord Northbrook

C. Lord Mayo

D. Lord Lytton

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Lord Mayo was assassinated by a Pathan convict, Sher Ali Afridi, while visiting the Andaman Islands in 1872.

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Question #1086

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The 'Financial Decentralisation' in India was introduced under which Viceroy?

A. Lord Ripon

B. Lord Mayo

C. Lord Lytton

D. Lord Dufferin

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Lord Mayo introduced financial decentralization, giving provinces fixed annual grants and responsibility for certain expenditures, a major step in provincial finance.

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Question #1087

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Who was the Viceroy when the 'Great Famine of 1876-78' occurred?

A. Lord Lytton

B. Lord Northbrook

C. Lord Mayo

D. Lord Ripon

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Great Famine of 1876-78, which affected southern and western India, occurred during Lord Lytton's viceroyalty.

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Question #1088

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The 'Statutory Civil Service' was introduced by which Viceroy?

A. Lord Dufferin

B. Lord Lansdowne

C. Lord Lytton

D. Lord Ripon

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Lord Lytton introduced the Statutory Civil Service in 1878-79, allowing a limited number of Indians to be nominated to civil posts.

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Question #1089

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Which act raised the maximum age for the ICS examination from 19 to 23?

A. Government of India Act 1858

B. Charter Act of 1833

C. Charter Act of 1853

D. Indian Councils Act 1892

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Charter Act of 1853 opened the ICS to Indians and initially kept age limit 18-23, but later it was reduced to 19 to disadvantage Indians.

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Question #1090

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The 'Indian National Congress' session in 1905 was held at Banaras under whose presidentship?

A. Surendranath Banerjee

B. Gopal Krishna Gokhale

C. Pherozeshah Mehta

D. Dadabhai Naoroji

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Gopal Krishna Gokhale presided over the Banaras session of the INC in 1905, where the Swadeshi movement was supported.

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Question #1091

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The 'Surat Split' of 1907 took place under the presidentship of?

A. Rash Behari Ghosh

B. Dadabhai Naoroji

C. Madan Mohan Malaviya

D. Gopal Krishna Gokhale

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Rash Behari Ghosh was elected president by the moderates, which the extremists led by Tilak opposed, leading to the split.

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Question #1092

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Which revolutionary group was responsible for the 'Muzaffarpur Bombing' in 1908?

A. HRA

B. Anushilan Samiti

C. Abhinav Bharat

D. Ghadar Party

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki of the Anushilan Samiti attempted to kill the magistrate Kingsford by bombing his carriage in Muzaffarpur in 1908.

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Question #1093

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Who presided over the 'Lahore Session' of INC in 1929 where Purna Swaraj was declared?

A. Motilal Nehru

B. Sardar Patel

C. Subhas Chandra Bose

D. Jawaharlal Nehru

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Jawaharlal Nehru was the president of the historic Lahore session of December 1929, which declared the goal of Purna Swaraj (complete independence).

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Question #1094

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The 'Gandhi-Irwin Pact' included which of the following?

A. Immediate grant of dominion status

B. Withdrawal of the Simon Commission

C. Complete independence

D. Release of political prisoners and right to make salt for personal use

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Gandhi-Irwin Pact allowed the release of political prisoners who had not committed violence, and the right to make salt for personal consumption. It did not grant dominion status.

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Question #1095

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Who was the first Indian woman to fly an aircraft and obtained her pilot's license in 1936?

A. Sarojini Naidu

B. Sarla Thakral

C. Kamala Nehru

D. Usha Sundaram

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Sarla Thakral (also spelled Sarala Thakral) became the first Indian woman to fly an aircraft, earning her pilot license in 1936.

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Question #1096

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Who was the British Viceroy during the 'Non-Cooperation Movement'?

A. Lord Reading

B. Lord Irwin

C. Lord Willingdon

D. Lord Chelmsford

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in 1920 and withdrawn in 1922. Lord Chelmsford was Viceroy until 1921, and Lord Reading from 1921; the movement was mainly during Reading's tenure.

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Question #1097

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The 'Moplah Rebellion' of 1921 was a major uprising in which district of Kerala?

A. Kozhikode

B. Malappuram

C. Thrissur

D. Palakkad

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Moplah Rebellion mainly occurred in the Malabar region, with the epicentre in Eranad and Valluvanad taluks of present-day Malappuram district.

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Question #1098

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The 'Bhil Revolt' of 1913 was led by which social reformer among the Bhils?

A. Komaram Bheem

B. Bhima Nayak

C. Tantia Bhil

D. Govind Guru

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Govind Guru (Govindgiri), a social reformer, led the Bhil tribal uprising in the princely states of Rajasthan and Gujarat in 1913.

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Question #1099

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The 'Champaran Satyagraha' was launched in which year?

A. 1916

B. 1919

C. 1918

D. 1917

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Mahatma Gandhi launched the Champaran Satyagraha in Bihar in 1917 against the tinkathia system of indigo cultivation.

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Question #1100

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Who was the first Indian to become a Judge of the High Court?

A. Syed Ameer Ali

B. Ram Mohan Roy

C. Gooroodas Banerjee

D. Syed Mahmood

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Syed Mahmood (son of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan) was appointed a judge of the Allahabad High Court in 1882, becoming one of the first Indian High Court judges, though Ram Prasad Roy was earlier in Calcutta Small Cause Court. Justice Syed Mahmood is widely recognized as the first Indian judge of a High Court.

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