Beriberi results from thiamine (B₁) deficiency, characterized by neurological and cardiovascular symptoms. Scurvy is vitamin C deficiency, pellagra niacin (B₃), rickets vitamin D. Thiamine is a coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism.
Explanation:
Ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone that is widely known for its role in promoting the ripening of fruits. It increases the respiration rate during fruit ripening (climacteric rise) and breaks down cell walls, converting starches to sugars, making the fruit softer and sweeter. It is also involved in leaf abscission and the triple response in seedlings.
Explanation:
Pinocytosis ('cell drinking') is a form of endocytosis where the cell membrane invaginates to take in a small droplet of extracellular fluid and dissolved solutes. Phagocytosis is 'cell eating' of large particles, exocytosis is secretion, osmosis is water movement across a semipermeable membrane.
Explanation:
Phloem is the vascular tissue responsible for translocation of photosynthates (mainly sucrose) from source (leaves) to sink (roots, fruits, growing regions) via sieve tubes and companion cells. Xylem transports water and minerals upward. Collenchyma and sclerenchyma are mechanical tissues. Phloem is alive at maturity.
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