Explanation:
The Eustachian (auditory) tube connects the nasopharynx to the middle ear, allowing pressure equalization across the eardrum. The cochlea is for hearing, semicircular canals for balance.
Explanation:
When oxygen is limiting, pyruvate from glycolysis is reduced to lactic acid (lactate) by lactate dehydrogenase, regenerating NAD⁺ to allow glycolysis to continue. In yeast, pyruvate is converted to ethanol and CO₂ (alcoholic fermentation). Muscle cells lack alcohol dehydrogenase.
Explanation:
Normal blood pressure is around 120/80 mmHg (systolic/diastolic). Systolic pressure is during ventricular contraction; diastolic during relaxation. Hypertension is >140/90 mmHg.
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