Explanation:
Covalent bonds are formed by the sharing of electrons, which typically occurs between two non-metal atoms that have high electronegativities and a tendency to gain electrons. Metals tend to lose electrons, forming ionic bonds with non-metals. Noble gases are generally inert and do not form bonds.
Explanation:
Bakelite (phenol-formaldehyde) is thermosetting; once set, it cannot be remolded. Polyethylene, PVC, and nylon are thermoplastics – they soften on heating.
Explanation:
Ethylene glycol (1,2-ethanediol) is the main component of antifreeze, lowering the freezing point of water. Methanol is toxic, ethanol can be used but evaporates, glycerol is viscous. Ethylene glycol is poisonous if ingested. Propylene glycol is a safer alternative.
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