Two miscible liquids with a boiling point difference of less than 25 K can be separated by: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Two miscible liquids with a boiling point difference of less than 25 K can be separated by:

A. Crystallization

B. Fractional distillation

C. Simple distillation

D. Separating funnel

Answer: Option B

Solution (By JKExamLibrary)

Fractional distillation is used when the boiling points differ by less than 25 K. A fractionating column provides repeated condensation–vaporization cycles, improving separation. Example: separation of petrol, kerosene from crude oil. Simple distillation works if difference > 25 K. Separating funnel separates immiscible liquids. Crystallization purifies solids. Exam note: Fractionating column packed with glass beads increases surface area.

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Question #1

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Which method is used for the concentration of an ore based on the difference in density between the ore and impurities?

A. Hydraulic washing

B. Froth flotation

C. Leaching

D. Magnetic separation

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Hydraulic washing (or gravity separation) is based on the difference in specific gravities (densities) of the ore and the gangue (impurities). The powdered ore is washed with a stream of water; lighter impurities are washed away, leaving the heavier ore particles behind.

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Question #2

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Which of the following acids is considered a strong acid?

A. Acetic acid

B. Carbonic acid

C. Citric acid

D. Hydrochloric acid

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissociates completely in water, making it a strong acid. Acetic acid (CH₃COOH), carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), and citric acid are weak acids—they partially ionize. Other strong acids: H₂SO₄ (first dissociation), HNO₃, HBr, HI, HClO₄. Strong acids have very large Ka values. pH of 0.1 M HCl is about 1.

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Question #3

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An atom has mass number 39 and 20 neutrons. Its atomic number is:

A. 20

B. 39

C. 19

D. 59

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Atomic number (Z) = Mass number (A) – Number of neutrons (N) = 39 – 20 = 19. This is potassium (K). Number of protons equals atomic number. In a neutral atom, electrons also equal Z.

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