Vulcanization of rubber uses: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Alpha particle = ⁴₂He²⁺ (2 protons + 2 neutrons). Beta particle = electron or positron. Gamma = electromagnetic radiation. Alpha has low penetration, high ionization.

Explanation:
Smelting is the pyrometallurgical process of extracting a metal from its ore by heating it beyond its melting point and reducing the metal oxide with a carbonaceous reducing agent (like coke or coal). Flux is often added to remove impurities as slag. Calcination and roasting are oxidation processes.

Explanation:
Beta particles are high-energy, high-speed electrons (β⁻) or positrons (β⁺) emitted from a radioactive nucleus during beta decay. In β⁻ decay, a neutron converts to a proton, emitting an electron and an antineutrino. Beta particles have moderate penetrating power; they can be stopped by a few millimeters of aluminum. They cause less ionization than alpha.