Which of the following indicators is synthetic? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Ernest Rutherford, along with his students Geiger and Marsden, conducted the famous gold foil experiment in 1911. By observing that a few alpha particles bounced back, he concluded that the atom has a small, dense, positively charged center called the nucleus.

Explanation:
Atomic number is the number of protons, which is 17 for all chlorine atoms. Mass numbers differ due to different neutrons (18 and 20). Isotopes have same atomic number, different mass number.

Explanation:
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissociates completely in water, making it a strong acid. Acetic acid (CH₃COOH), carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), and citric acid are weak acids—they partially ionize. Other strong acids: H₂SO₄ (first dissociation), HNO₃, HBr, HI, HClO₄. Strong acids have very large Ka values. pH of 0.1 M HCl is about 1.