Which of the following molecules has a net dipole moment of zero due to its geometry?
A. H2S
B. NF3
C. ClF3
D. BF3
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
BF3 has a trigonal planar geometry with bond angles of 120 degrees. The three B-F bond dipoles are equal in magnitude and symmetrically arranged, so their vector sum cancels out completely, resulting in a net dipole moment of zero. H2S is bent, NF3 is pyramidal, and ClF3 is T-shaped.
Explanation:
Rusting involves anodic oxidation of iron (Fe → Fe²⁺ + 2e⁻) and cathodic reduction of oxygen (O₂ + 2H₂O + 4e⁻ → 4OH⁻) in the presence of water acting as electrolyte. CO₂ can form carbonic acid accelerating it, but not required. Nitrogen is inert. High temperature alone doesn't cause rusting without moisture and oxygen.
Explanation:
Distillation involves boiling and condensation, separating non-volatile impurities (salts) and some volatile impurities. It can also kill microorganisms but boiling already does; distillation purifies further.
Explanation:
Fajan's rules state that covalent character in an ionic bond increases with greater polarizing power of the cation and greater polarizability of the anion. A small cation has high charge density (high polarizing power), and a large anion has loosely held outer electrons (high polarizability), favoring covalency.
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