Which property decreases down a group in the periodic table?
A. Number of shells
B. Atomic radius
C. Ionization energy
D. Metallic character
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Ionization energy decreases down a group because atomic size increases, and the outermost electron is farther from the nucleus with increased shielding, making it easier to remove. Atomic radius increases, metallic character increases, and number of shells increases down a group.
Explanation:
The quantum numbers n=3 and l=1 specify the 3p subshell. The magnetic quantum number m=-1 specifies one particular 3p orbital within that subshell. According to Pauli's Exclusion Principle, a single orbital can accommodate a maximum of two electrons, which must have opposite spins (+1/2 and -1/2).
Explanation:
Bauxite contains SiO₂ (silica) as impurity. In the Bayer's process, powdered bauxite is treated with hot concentrated NaOH solution. Alumina dissolves forming sodium aluminate (NaAlO₂), while silica does not dissolve and is filtered off. Alternatively, silica can be removed by adding lime during refining. The purified alumina is then electrolyzed in cryolite. NaOH selectively dissolves Al₂O₃ due to its amphoteric nature.
Explanation:
Atomic number = 2+8+7=17 (chlorine). Period = number of shells = 3. Valence electrons = 7 → Group 17 (10+7 for p-block). Group 18 has 8 valence electrons.
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