Explanation:
Inhibitors (negative catalysts) decrease reaction rate. Promoters enhance activity of a catalyst; activators increase effectiveness; autocatalysts are reaction products that catalyze the reaction.
Explanation:
Hydrogenation is the addition of hydrogen to unsaturated compounds (like alkenes or alkynes) in the presence of a catalyst (like Ni, Pd, or Pt) to form saturated compounds (alkanes). For example, ethene + H₂ → ethane. This process is widely used in the food industry to solidify vegetable oils.
Explanation:
Bakelite is a thermosetting phenol-formaldehyde resin with excellent heat resistance and electrical insulation properties, making it suitable for switches, handles, and electrical fittings. Polythene and PVC are thermoplastics that soften on heating. Polystyrene is brittle and not highly heat resistant. Thermosets do not melt upon reheating.
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