Statement and Conclusion MCQs

Reasoning

Statement and Conclusion MCQs

Practice Statement and Conclusion reasoning questions with answers and explanations for JKSSB, SSC, Banking, Railway and UPSC exams.

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Total Questions

Practice Questions

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Question #61
Statement:
A warning on a cigarette packet: 'Smoking is injurious to health.'
Conclusions:
I. Non-smokers have perfect health.
II. The warning is intended to make people aware of the dangers of smoking.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Neither I nor II follows
D. Both I and II follow
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The statement does not mean smoking is the *only* thing injurious to health, so non-smokers might get sick from other causes (Conclusion I is false). The explicit purpose of placing a warning is to inform/warn people (Conclusion II follows).
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #62
Statements:
1. Some boys are students.
2. All students are tall.
Conclusions:
I. Some boys are tall.
II. All boys are tall.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Neither I nor II follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Only conclusion I follows
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The boys who are students must be tall because all students are tall. Hence, some boys are tall (I). We do not know about the boys who are not students, so we cannot conclude all boys are tall (II).
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #63
Statements:
1. All A are B.
2. Some A are C.
Conclusions:
I. Some B are C.
II. Some C are A.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Neither I nor II follows
C. Only conclusion II follows
D. Both I and II follow
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Since some A are C, and all A are inside B, the intersection of A and C must also be inside B, meaning some B are C (I). 'Some A are C' directly implies its reverse 'Some C are A' (II). Both follow.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #64
Statement:
Only good singers are invited to the conference. Voice is a good singer.
Conclusions:
I. Voice is invited to the conference.
II. All invited people are good singers.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Only conclusion II follows
B. Both I and II follow
C. Neither I nor II follows
D. Only conclusion I follows
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The statement says 'only good singers are invited', which translates to 'All invited people are good singers' (II follows). However, it does not say *all* good singers are invited. Voice is a good singer, but might not be invited. Thus, I does not strictly follow.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #65
Statements:
1. Some papers are files.
2. Some files are folders.
Conclusions:
I. Some papers are folders.
II. All folders are papers.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Neither I nor II follows
B. Only conclusion I follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Only conclusion II follows
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
A 'some' relationship does not chain logically. There is no direct link established between papers and folders. Therefore, neither conclusion can be logically deduced.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #66
Statement:
The company has prohibited the use of mobile phones during working hours.
Conclusions:
I. The company believes mobile phones distract employees from work.
II. All employees own a mobile phone.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Neither I nor II follows
D. Both I and II follow
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
A prohibition on an activity during working hours logically implies that the management considers it detrimental or distracting to work (I follows). The policy applies to those who have phones, but it doesn't mean *every single* employee owns one (II does not follow).
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #67
Statements:
1. All men are mortal.
2. Socrates is a man.
Conclusions:
I. Socrates is mortal.
II. All mortals are men.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Neither I nor II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Only conclusion II follows
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Since Socrates falls within the category of 'man', and the entire category of 'man' falls within 'mortal', Socrates must be mortal (I follows). Not all mortals are men (e.g., animals), which makes II false.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #68
Statement:
Quality has a price tag. India is allocating plenty of funds to education.
Conclusions:
I. Quality of education in India would improve.
II. Funding alone can enhance the quality of education.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Only conclusion II follows
B. Only conclusion I follows
C. Neither I nor II follows
D. Both I and II follow
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The statement sets up a correlation between price (funds) and quality. If India is allocating funds to education, it logically follows that the intended quality would improve (I). However, the statement doesn't claim funding *alone* is sufficient without proper execution (II does not follow).
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #69
Statements:
1. No monkey is a chimpanzee.
2. Some chimpanzees are gorillas.
Conclusions:
I. Some gorillas are not monkeys.
II. Some monkeys are not gorillas.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Neither I nor II follows
B. Both I and II follow
C. Only conclusion II follows
D. Only conclusion I follows
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Since some gorillas are chimpanzees, and no chimpanzee is a monkey, those specific gorillas can never be monkeys. Thus, some gorillas are not monkeys (I follows). We don't know the relationship between the rest of the gorillas and monkeys, so II doesn't follow.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #70
Statement:
The old order changed yielding place to new.
Conclusions:
I. Change is the law of nature.
II. Discard old ideas because they are old.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Neither I nor II follows
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The statement reflects a philosophical truth that old things are eventually replaced by new things, reflecting the law of continuous change (I). However, it does not prescribe actively discarding ideas *just* because they are old (II).
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #71
Statement: All that glitters is not gold. Conclusions: I. Some things that glitter are gold. II. Gold always glitters.
A. Only II follows
B. Neither I nor II follows
C. Only I follows
D. Both I and II follow
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The statement means not everything that glitters is gold; it doesn't say that some things that glitter are gold (they could be none). II is false because gold may not always glitter. Neither follows.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #72
Statement: Hard work is the key to success. Conclusions: I. All successful people are hardworking. II. Laziness leads to failure.
A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Neither I nor II follows
D. Both I and II follow
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
I does not follow: the statement does not say that all successful people are hardworking (there could be other factors). II is an assumption not directly stated. Neither follows.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #73
Statement: A vegetable vendor sells only fresh vegetables. Conclusions: I. He never sells stale vegetables. II. He is the only vendor in the market.
A. Neither I nor II follows
B. Only II follows
C. Only I follows
D. Both I and II follow
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
If he sells only fresh vegetables, he does not sell stale ones. I directly follows. No information about other vendors, so II does not follow.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #74
Statement: India won the cricket match by 5 wickets. Conclusions: I. The opponent team lost all wickets. II. India chased the target successfully.
A. Only II follows
B. Neither I nor II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Only I follows
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Winning by 5 wickets implies India achieved the target with 5 wickets in hand; the opponent's wickets are irrelevant. So I does not follow, II follows.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #75
Statement: This medicine is effective only if taken with warm water. Conclusions: I. Taking with cold water reduces its effect. II. It cures all diseases.
A. Neither I nor II follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Only I follows
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
I cannot be concluded because the statement does not mention cold water; it only states condition for effectiveness. II is a gross exaggeration. Neither follows.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #76
Statement: All birds have wings. Conclusions: I. Penguins are birds, so they have wings. II. Bats have wings, so they are birds.
A. Both I and II follow
B. Only II follows
C. Only I follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
I follows from the general rule 'all birds have wings' applied to penguins. II is a fallacy; having wings doesn't make a bat a bird. Only I follows.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #77
Statement: My umbrella is black. Conclusions: I. All umbrellas are black. II. Some black things are umbrellas.
A. Only I follows
B. Both I and II follow
C. Only II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
I does not follow from a single case. II follows because if my umbrella is black, then there exists at least one black thing that is an umbrella, so 'some black things are umbrellas' is true.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #78
Statement: It is raining heavily outside. Conclusions: I. The temperature will drop. II. The roads will get wet.
A. Only II follows
B. Neither I nor II follows
C. Only I follows
D. Both I and II follow
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Heavy rain generally causes both temperature drop and wet roads. Both are practical consequences that follow from the statement.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #79
Statement: A company is hiring only engineers. Conclusions: I. No non-engineer will be hired. II. All engineers will be hired.
A. Only I follows
B. Neither I nor II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Only II follows
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
If hiring only engineers, then non-engineers are excluded, so I follows. II does not follow: they may not hire all engineers, only some.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion
Question #80
Statement: Smoking causes cancer. Conclusions: I. All cancer patients are smokers. II. Quitting smoking reduces the risk of cancer.
A. Only II follows
B. Neither I nor II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Only I follows
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
I is false: cancer can be caused by other factors. II logically follows because if smoking causes cancer, then not smoking reduces risk.
This question belongs to: Reasoning Statement and Conclusion

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